database performance: Java Linux Databases: Architecture
We were expecting differences between JDKs and vendors, but not to the extent that we are seeing here.
The benefits of running a 64-bit operating system vary, and surprisingly in some cases i686 is faster than x86_64 or/and producing less load!
However, if the processor is 64-bit capable or if you have to choose which hardware setup to go for then 64-bit is generally a safe bet,
it scales better, especially in multi-threaded applications.
It also allows more memory to be addressed, and adding more RAM to a system is a simple way of improving performance for a relatively low cost.
There are exceptions however, and MySQL users should run their own benchmarks first:
(here showing insert speed with prepared statements on MySQL only)